Why Dental Health Matters: A Guide for Pet Parents
February is National Pet Dental Health Month, and it’s one of our favorite times to talk with pet parents about the importance of dental care. Dental health is one of the most commonly overlooked aspects of pet wellness—but imagine never brushing your own teeth and never visiting the dentist. Stinky breath aside, that scenario can lead to serious health problems, and the same is true for our pets.
Periodontal disease is the most common dental condition affecting both dogs and cats. It is caused by infection and inflammation of the periodontium, which includes the tissues that support the teeth: the gingiva (gums), cementum (the outer layer of the tooth root), the periodontal ligament (which anchors the tooth to the bone), and the surrounding bone itself.
This disease is divided into four stages. The earliest stage is gingivitis, or inflammation of the gums. When gingivitis is left untreated, the infection can progress to deeper tissues, leading to loose or broken teeth, abscesses, and significant pain. In more advanced cases, bacteria from the mouth can enter the bloodstream and negatively affect vital organs such as the heart, liver, and kidneys.
Pets are incredibly good at hiding discomfort, so dental disease often goes unnoticed until it becomes severe. Signs that may indicate advanced dental issues include difficulty chewing, favoring one side of the mouth, dropping food while eating, excessive drooling, pawing at the mouth, or jaw chattering.
While breed and genetics can play a role in dental health, the most effective way to prevent periodontal disease is daily tooth brushing using pet-specific toothpaste and a toothbrush. While this can be challenging—especially in busy households—there are additional tools that can help. Products approved by the Veterinary Oral Health Council (VOHC.org), including certain diets, chews, treats, and water additives, have been tested and shown to reduce plaque and tartar buildup. These options are often a helpful supplement to brushing.
When a professional dental cleaning is recommended, it’s natural for pet parents to feel nervous. While anesthesia can sound intimidating, it is essential for keeping pets comfortable and stress-free during the procedure. It also allows for a thorough examination of the entire mouth, dental X-rays, and a complete cleaning both above and below the gumline.
A dental visit begins with a full physical exam and vital signs to ensure there have been no changes since your pet’s last visit that might increase anesthetic risk. Each pet receives an individualized anesthesia plan based on age, medical history, and any underlying conditions. After a sedative and pain medication are administered, general anesthesia is carefully induced. A breathing tube is placed to protect the airway, and pets are closely monitored on oxygen and anesthetic gas throughout the procedure.
Once monitoring is in place, full-mouth dental X-rays are taken. These images are essential, as much of dental disease cannot be seen during a visual exam alone. A complete oral examination follows, including probing around each tooth to assess for pocketing or looseness. Findings are carefully documented, and pet parents are typically contacted to discuss results and recommended treatment.
A veterinary technician or assistant will perform the dental cleaning, then the veterinarian completes a final assessment and addresses any diseased teeth that require extraction. If extractions are performed, follow-up X-rays confirm that the tooth has been fully removed. The teeth are then polished, and pets are gently brought out of anesthesia.
After a dental cleaning, consistent at-home care is the best way to maintain a healthy mouth. While there is no strict rule for how often dental cleanings are needed, pets should have their oral health evaluated by a veterinarian at least once a year. In our experience, staying proactive with dental care not only supports long-term health—it also keeps those close-up cuddles and face kisses far more enjoyable.
Visit lotusanimalhospital.com to learn more on your pet’s dental health!
