A puddle may look harmless—but it could be hiding a dangerous bacteria.
If your dog loves exploring the outdoors, splashing through puddles, or taking a drink from a pond or pool cover, it’s worth knowing about Leptospirosis, often called Lepto. This serious bacterial disease can make dogs very sick, but the good news is that it’s largely preventable.
What is Leptospirosis?
Leptospirosis is a bacterial infection that dogs can contract by drinking or coming into contact with contaminated water. Wildlife and infected animals can spread the bacteria through their urine, contaminating puddles, ponds, streams, and soil. The bacteria survive for weeks in soil and standing water. Infection occurs when contaminated water or soil enters the body through broken skin, open wounds, or mucous membranes (eyes, nose, or mouth).
What are the signs?
Leptospirosis can cause severe illness by damaging the kidneys, liver, or both. Symptoms may include:
- Fever
- Vomiting
- Lethargy
- Loss of appetite
- Increased thirst or urination
- Jaundice (yellowing of the gums, eyes, or skin)
Without prompt treatment, Leptospirosis can become life-threatening.
Protecting your dog protects your family
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease, meaning it can be transmitted from animals to people. Early diagnosis and proper handling of infected pets help protect both your furry family members and your human family.
How is it diagnosed?
If your dog develops symptoms such as fever, vomiting, diarrhea, or lethargy—especially after drinking from outdoor water sources—and is not vaccinated against Leptospirosis, your veterinarian may recommend testing for the disease. Early diagnosis is key to successful treatment.
Is your dog at risk?
Your dog should be vaccinated annually if they:
- Love hiking, camping, or spending time outdoors
- Live near lakes, ponds, or wooded areas
- Drink from puddles or stagnant water
- Drink water that collects on pool covers
- Frequently visit parks, trails, or other areas where wildlife is present
Prevention is the best protection
When caught early, most dogs can make a full recovery with appropriate treatment. Even better, a yearly Leptospirosis vaccine can dramatically reduce your dog’s risk of infection.
If your dog enjoys an outdoor lifestyle, talk to your veterinarian about whether the Leptospirosis vaccine is right for them. A simple vaccine can help keep your adventure buddy healthy for many years to come!
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