Spring Allergies or a Cold? How to Tell the Difference in Kids
Each spring, I am asked by parents if their child’s runny nose, sneezing, and congestion are signs of yet another winter cold, or the first sign of spring allergies. I refer to this time as shoulder season, as it comes at the transition from winter sickness into spring allergy season. While symptoms can look similar, there are some helpful clues to tell them apart.
Colds are caused by viruses and often come on suddenly. Children with a cold may have a fever, sore throat, body aches, or feel more tired than usual. Symptoms typically worsen over a few days and then improve within 7–10 days. Thick yellow or green nasal discharge can occur with colds, especially later in the illness.
Seasonal allergies, on the other hand, are triggered by pollen from trees, grass, or weeds. Allergy symptoms tend to last for weeks and often include itchy eyes, nose, or throat, frequent sneezing, and clear nasal drainage. Allergies do not cause fever. Children may also have dark circles under their eyes (“allergic shiners”) or frequent nose rubbing.
Another clue is timing. If symptoms appear around the same time each spring or worsen outdoors, allergies are more likely. If your child’s symptoms improve indoors or on rainy days, that also points toward allergies.
If you’re unsure, or if symptoms are interfering with sleep, school, or daily activities, your pediatrician can help determine the cause and recommend appropriate treatment. Proper diagnosis means your child can feel better faster—and enjoy the spring season more comfortably.
