Our most frequently used movements are also our least conscious. If it ain’t broke, don’t fix it: but what about when it is? Your temporomandibular joints, which control jaw movement, allow you to chew, speak, and move your jaw freely. You have two of these joints, one on each side of your face near your ears; and disorders that impact these joints and muscles (commonly known as TMD) are quite common; affecting up to 12 million people in the United States. TMD most frequently occurs in adults between the ages of 20 and 40; and statistics show that women are twice as likely to develop the disorder as men.
The symptoms of TMD can manifest in several ways: most notably through jaw or facial pain, chronic headaches, and stiffness or locking of the jaw. You may also notice clicking, popping, or grinding sounds when you open your mouth, or experience earaches and ringing in the ears. These issues often stem from jaw injuries, teeth grinding (bruxism), arthritis, or physical tension caused by stress. Certain habits, such as poor posture or chewing on ice and pens, can further aggravate the condition and lead to long-term discomfort.
To diagnose the disorder, a PCP may provide the initial screening; but a general dentist is typically the lead provider for treating TMD: beginning with imaging tests like dental X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs used to get a clearer picture of the joints’ health. The dentist then manages the mechanical and structural health of the jaw with bite analyses, utilizing specialized imaging like panoramic X-rays, and providing first-line therapies such as custom-made occlusal splints or night guards.
Fortunately, TMD is highly treatable and rarely causes lasting problems if addressed early. By identifying issues like teeth alignment and grinding, the dentist can coordinate a collaborative care plan focused on intervention. Most people find relief through non-invasive methods, including over-the-counter pain relievers or muscle relaxers. A physical therapist can provide support through the active recovery phase with specialized exercises and muscle strengthening.
TMD manifests differently for everyone. Whether your symptoms are acute or chronic, there are effective management options. If jaw pain is impacting your quality of life, please consult your healthcare provider/dentist to discuss a treatment plan. Clicking or popping without pain may be an early indicator of TMD; and should be addressed with your dentist as soon as possible: a dental professional can help identify whether further action is needed, and save you from a teeth-grindingly bad time.
